Study: Did cobras first spit venom to scare pre-humans?

New research by Harry Greene, professor emeritus of ecology and evolutionary biology, suggests that for some cobras, the venom evolved additional complexity to deter potential enemies– possibly including bipedal, larger-brained hominins like Homo erectus, our extinct close relative.

Spitting cobras may have evolved unique venom to defend from

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Spitting cobra venoms evolved to cause extreme pain.

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Early hominids had an increased resistance to cobra venom, jogos snake cobra

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Spitting cobra venoms evolved to cause extreme pain - Institute